Blood pressure in hypertension

High blood pressure in hypertension is the main criterion for chronic hypertension, which requires urgent treatment. It should be noted that there may be slight fluctuations in blood pressure throughout the day; this is normal. However, if the elevated value remains at a high level for a long time or if the pressure fluctuates with very large differences, then it is high blood pressure.

What is the blood pressure of a hypertensive person?

Blood pressure in humans is expressed by two indicators: the upper or systolic and the lower (diastolic). In an adult, normal blood pressure should be between 120/80 and 129/84 mmHg. Symptoms that indicate an illness:

• headache in the back of the head;
• Insomnia;
• Dizziness;
• fainting;
• pain in the heart area;
• Goosebumps or circles in front of the eyes.

For hypertensive patients, the criteria vary depending on the stage of the disease, as shown in the table:

Degree of hypertension	Pressure values mm Hg. Art.	Symptoms	Treatment
Light	From 140 to 90 to 160 to 100	Blood pressure regularly rises due to stress Headache	diet Normalization of lifestyle
Moderate	160/100-180/110	Enlargement of the left ventricle dizziness fainting	Medication Easy exercise diet
Difficult	About 180/110	stroke Heart attack Cardiac arrhythmia Nosebleeds	Effective medications Strict diet

High blood pressure is more dangerous than low blood pressure. You should also be wary of pathologies, since in the initial stages there are practically no symptoms. If the problem is detected late, there is a risk of dysfunction of the internal organs and prolonged treatment.

How do you measure to get a reliable result?

Blood pressure measurements must be taken correctly; the accuracy of the result depends on it. Basic rules for measurement:

• Take measurements three times a day before meals.
• The patient's hand should be at heart level.
• The device cuff should be in contact with the skin, but not too tight to allow the index finger to be placed between the cuff and the skin. You need to inflate the air quickly and deflate slowly.
• Do not smoke, drink coffee, tea or alcohol 30 minutes before the procedure.
• Do not speak or strain your hand during the measurement.
• It is better to measure on both hands. In this case, the difference between left and right should normally be no more than 10%.

Main methods of prevention

For prevention and maintaining normal blood pressure, you must follow simple requirements:

• monitor fluctuations in body weight;
• the amount of salt consumed should not be more than 5 g per day;
• Do simple exercises every day.
• remove alcohol and nicotine from consumption;
• Add fresh fruits and vegetables to your daily diet.

Proper treatment of high blood pressure

You can stabilize blood pressure and sometimes completely eliminate the disease in various ways: traditional or medical ways. At home, you can lower your blood pressure with tea and tinctures. Drug treatment should be carried out with extreme caution and after consulting a doctor. Some medications cause blood pressure to drop very quickly. Medicines are divided into the groups indicated in the table.

drug group	Hints	Contraindications
ACE inhibitors	Concomitant diseases such as diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease For complex treatments	Chronic kidney disease Allergic reaction
Sartans	Atrial fibrillation Diabetic nephropathy Intolerance to ACE inhibitors	Virtually no side effects pregnancy
Beta blockers	Cardiac arrhythmias Angina pectoris	Chronic lung disease
Diuretics	To remove excess fluid from the body and thus reduce blood pressure Diabetes mellitus	Hypokalemia: With long-term use of the drug, the body is deprived of useful substances
Act quickly	For quick relief of symptoms With complex treatment	Individual intolerance to the components of the drug